Deficiency of lactase
Aetiology
- Absorption of lactose is dependent upon the enzyme lactase, which is is present in the tips of the villi of the small intestine
- The two main types of lactase deficiency are:
- Primary - autosomal recessive (hereditary)
- Secondary - follows damage to the intestinal mucosa e.g. acute gastroenteritis
Clinical features
- History of the induction of diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, and flatulence following the injection of dairy products
Investigations
- Lactose breath hydrogen test or oral lactose intolerance test
Management