Characterised by narrowing, and in final stages occlusion, of the peripheral arteries due to atherosclerotic plaques; most commonly affects the legs
Aetiology
Atherosclerosis
Common risk factors are smoking, diabetes, hypercolesterolaemia and hypertension
Clinical features
Intermittent claudication
Occurs when insufficient blood reaches exercising muscle due to atherosclerosis in the arteries
Classic presentation is exertional discomfort, most commonly in the calves, relieved by rest
Severe PVD/ critical limb ischaemia
Obstruction to blood flow in the artery is compromised to the point where the blood is unable to maintain oxygenation of the tissue at rest
Needs urgent attention
Clinical features include pain at rest, ulceration, tissue necrosis, diminished/absent peripheral pulses and poor tissue nutrition (lack of hair, thick nails, shiny skin)