Benign lesions

Squamous cell papillomas

• Most common

Sinonasal papillomas

Aetiology

• HPV (low risk), organic solvents
• Patients tend to be 50+ and more common in males

Histology

• Inverted, exophytic or oncocytic
  • Inverted and oncocytic on lateral walls and paranasal sinuses, exophytic on nasal septum
  • Epithelium can be respiratory, squamous, or oncocytic with mucocytes and neutrophilic infiltrate
• Rarely undergo malignant change

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

• Rare condition in which papilloma form along the aerodigestive tract
• Associated with HPV
• Can often present in children with hoarse voice and progressive SOB

Others

• Angiofibromas

Malignant lesions

Squamous cell carcinoma

• Most common