Infections anywhere along the urinary tract - urethra, bladder, ureters and kidneys; see main UTI notes

Aetiology

• More common in girls
• Consider abnormal renal tract in children with repeat UTIs

Clinical features

Babies will present with very non-specific symptoms:

• Fever
• Lethargy
• Irritability
• Vomiting
• Poor feeding
• Increased urinary frequency

Signs and symptoms in older infants and children are more specific:

• Fever
• Abdominal pain, particularly suprapubic pain
• Vomiting
• Dysuria (painful urination)
• Increased urinary frequency
• Incontinence

Investigations