Aetiology

• Vascular disease - CVA
• Space occupying lesion (SOL) e.g. pituitary tumour
• Demyelination (MS)
• Trauma - including surgical

Pathophysiology

1. Total left eye visual loss
2. Bitemporal hemianopia
3. Right homonymous hemianopia
4. Right homonymous upper quadrantanopia
5. Right homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Optic nerve defects

Causes

• Ischaemic optic neuropathy
• Optic neuritis - commonly MS
• Tumours (rare) - meningioma, glioma, haemangioma

Field defect

• Unilateral visual loss

Features of optic neuritis